Características geomorfológicas y evolución del medio litoral de la zona de Empuries (Girona)

[Resumen] Se aborda la reconstrucción y evolución del entorno físico de la zona próxima al conjunto arqueológico greco-romano de Empuries. La combinación de los datos arqueológicos y geomorfológicos aporta nuevas perspectivas en los dos campos. Al inicio de la colonización la cota se situaba más al interior y presentaba una morfología irregular con acantilados e islotes. Posteriormente se produce una progradación y una regularización de la costa, con un predominio de sedimentos arenosos. Este cambio se interpreta como consecuencia de un descenso del nivel del mar y un cambio del uso del suelo. Esta progradación hacia el E conlleva una movilización de arenas hacia el S, que a su vez puede relacionarse con los desplazamientos de los distintos núcleos de población de Empuries[Abstract] This paper envisages the reconstruction and evolution of the physical environment of the Empurias archeological site and adjoining area. The combination of archeological and geomorphological data provides new insights in both fields. In the early ages of colonization the coast was situated more inland and showed an irregular morphology with cliffs and small islands.The lowereing of the sea and a change of land use caused later coast progradation and regularization with a predominance of sandy sediments. Eastwards progradation is linked to southwards sandy-dune transporte The moving off of different archeological sites in Empuries can be related to the above mentioned sandy-dune transport

U/Th dating of Quaternary travertines at the middle River Llobregat (NE Iberian Peninsula, Nortwestern Mediterranean). Correlation with sea-level changes

The dating of the fluvial terraces of the middle River Llobregat enabled one to establish a correlation between the sedimentation episodes in continental zones and in neighbouring deltaic and coastal areas in the NE Iberian continental margin. The fluvial Terraces 4 (+85-95 m above river level) and 3 (+55-65 m above river level) are made up by or include travertines, which were deposited around 350,000 and 111,000 years ago, respectively. These radiometric ages correspond to two high sea level periods: the Eemian interglacial (isotopic stage 5e) and the interglacial related to isotopic stage 9. However, other travertine units in the valley, such as the Can Tobella staggered cascade travertines, were formed during the Holocene, probably due to hydrothermal spring activity related to the tectonic contact between the Catalan Coastal Ranges and the Ebro Basin

Noves dades per a la flora vascular de l'Alt Empordà

New records of some vascular plants collected in the Alt Emporda are given. Most of them are new for the floristic catalogue of MALAGARRIGA (1976). Two new combinations are proposed: Atriplex tataricus L. subsp. tornabenii (Tin.) Blanche, Molero & Rovira and Centaurea microptilon Gren. & Godron var. emporitana (Vayr. ex Hayek) Blanche, Molero & Rovira

Circulación marina en la plataforma continental del Ebro determinada a partir de la distribución de masas de agua y los microcontaminantes orgánicos en el sedimento

XI Congreso Español de Sedimentología, celebrado del 15 al 18 de septiembre de 1986 en Barcelona.-- 7 pages, 6 figures[ES] El análisis hidrográfico de las masas de agua en la plataforma continental del Ebro y las concentraciones de diversos microcontaminantes orgánicos en los sedimentos en las proximidades del delta, permiten aportar conclusiones sobre el régimen de circulación marina. Las aguas del río son frenadas por la corriente procedente del NE, ocasionando que parte del material en suspensión sedimente en el centro de un giro anticiclónico que se forma cerca de la desembocadura. El resto del material particulado es arrastrado hacia el S y desplazado progresivamente hacia la costa[EN] The continental margin of Ebro River delta lays in the region of the general southwestwards circulation of the Northwestern Mediterranean. South of paralle141° N the continental shelf widens suddenly and causes a deflection of 90" in the direction of the isobaths. The continental slope becomes then a barrier for the progression of the main current. The important discharge of Ebro river waters also influences the circulation on the continental shelfPeer reviewe

Circulación marina en la plataforma continental del Ebro determinada a partir de la distribución de masas de agua y los microcontaminantes orgánicos en el sedimento

El análisis hidrográfico de las masas de agua en la plataforma continental del Ebro y las concentraciones de diversos microcontaminantes orgánicos en los sedimentos en las proximidades del delta, permiten aportar conclusiones sobre el régimen de circulación marina. Las aguas del río son frenadas por la corriente procedente del NE, ocasionando que parte del material en suspensión sedimente en el centro de un giro anticiclónico que se forma cerca de la desembocadura. El resto del material particulado es arrastrado hacia el S y desplazado progresivamentehacia la costa

Climatic and land use changes on the NW of Iberian Peninsula recorded in a 1500-year record from Lake Sanabria

L'estudi de diversos descriptors paleoambientals com ara el pol·len, les diatomees i la sedimentologia, realitzat en sediments procedents del llac de Sanabria (NO de la península Ibèrica), ha aportat informació sobre les oscil·lacions climàtiques atribuïdes als períodes càlids tardoromà i medieval, així com a la petita edat del gel. Entre els anys 440 i 950 dC, el clima es caracteritzà per temperatures suaus i un règim de precipitacions mediterrani, malgrat l'existència de pulsacions més fredes vers els anys 530 i 700 dC. Les evidències pol·líniques dels usos del sòl indiquen l'extensió d'activitats ramaderes i agrícoles. Aquesta fase correspon al final del període càlid romà i al període càlid medieval. El canvi de condicions climàtiques es produeix entre els anys 950 i 1100 dC, moment en què els valors mínims de matèria orgànica, pol·len arbori, concentració de diatomees, nitrogen total (TN) i mida del gra indiquen temperatures més baixes i un règim de precipitacions més regular. Aquest període correspon a la petita edat del gel, que finalitzà vers l'any 1590 dC. Posteriorment, la productivitat del llac tendeix a recuperar els valors previs, malgrat que es produeixen episodis freds i curts. Els valors de carbó orgànic total, TN i diatomees covarien amb els índexs de temperatura del NO de la península Ibèrica i posarien de manifest que, amb anterioritat a l'era industrial, el sistema lacustre de Sanabria estava controlat principalment per les condicions climàtiques. Des de l'any 1920 dC, la productivitat del llac està influenciada per l'activitat humana.This multi-proxy paleoenvironmental study from Lake Sanabria (NW Iberian Peninsula), based on pollen, diatom, and sedimentology, provides evidences of climatic oscillations attributed to the Late Roman and Medieval Warm Periods as well as the Little Ice Age (LIA). From 440 to 950 AD, the climate was characterized by mild temperatures and a Mediterranean rainfall regime, although climatic cold periods were recorded at ca. 530 and 700. Evidence from pollen indicators of land-use suggests that grazing and farming were widespread activities. This period corresponds to the end of the Roman Warm Period and the Medieval Warm Period. The onset of new climate conditions occurred between 950 and 1100 AD, as minimum values of organic matter, arboreal pollen, diatom concentration, total nitrogen (TN), and grain size indicate low temperatures and a more regular rainfall regime. This period corresponds to the LIA and ended at 1590 AD, when lake productivity tended to recover to previous values in spite of the occurrence of cool events. Total organic carbon, TN, and diatom content covary with the temperature index for the NW Iberia, suggesting that Lake Sanabria was mainly controlled by climate before the industrial period. Since 1920 AD, lake productivity has been mainly influenced by human activity

The INTERPRET Decision-Support System version 3.0 for evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy data from human brain tumours and other abnormal brain masses.

Background Proton Magnetic Resonance (MR) Spectroscopy (MRS) is a widely available technique for those clinical centres equipped with MR scanners. Unlike the rest of MR-based techniques, MRS yields not images but spectra of metabolites in the tissues. In pathological situations, the MRS profile changes and this has been particularly described for brain tumours. However, radiologists are frequently not familiar to the interpretation of MRS data and for this reason, the usefulness of decision-support systems (DSS) in MRS data analysis has been explored. Results This work presents the INTERPRET DSS version 3.0, analysing the improvements made from its first release in 2002. Version 3.0 is aimed to be a program that 1st, can be easily used with any new case from any MR scanner manufacturer and 2nd, improves the initial analysis capabilities of the first version. The main improvements are an embedded database, user accounts, more diagnostic discrimination capabilities and the possibility to analyse data acquired under additional data acquisition conditions. Other improvements include a customisable graphical user interface (GUI). Most diagnostic problems included have been addressed through a pattern-recognition based approach, in which classifiers based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were trained and tested. Conclusions The INTERPRET DSS 3.0 allows radiologists, medical physicists, biochemists or, generally speaking, any person with a minimum knowledge of what an MR spectrum is, to enter their own SV raw data, acquired at 1.5 T, and to analyse them. The system is expected to help in the categorisation of MR Spectra from abnormal brain masses

Efficacy of AAV serotypes to target Schwann cells after intrathecal and intravenous delivery

Diseases of the nervous system; Myelin biology and repair; Peripheral nervous systemEnfermedades del sistema nervioso; Biología y reparación de la mielina; Sistema nervioso periféricoMalalties del sistema nerviós; Biologia i reparació de la mielina; Sistema nerviós perifèricTo optimize gene delivery to myelinating Schwann cells we compared clinically relevant AAV serotypes and injection routes. AAV9 and AAVrh10 vectors expressing either EGFP or the neuropathy-associated gene GJB1/Connexin32 (Cx32) under a myelin specific promoter were injected intrathecally or intravenously in wild type and Gjb1-null mice, respectively. Vector biodistribution in lumbar roots and sciatic nerves was higher in AAVrh10 injected mice while EGFP and Cx32 expression rates and levels were similar between the two serotypes. A gradient of biodistribution away from the injection site was seen with both intrathecal and intravenous delivery, while similar expression rates were achieved despite higher vector amounts injected intravenously. Quantified immune cells in relevant tissues were similar to non-injected littermates. Overall, AAV9 and AAVrh10 efficiently transduce Schwann cells throughout the peripheral nervous system with both clinically relevant routes of administration, although AAV9 and intrathecal injection may offer a more efficient approach for treating demyelinating neuropathies.Generalitat de Catalunya, 2019FI_B2 00061, 2019FI_B2 00061, Fundació la Marató de TV3, 201607.10, Muscular Dystrophy Association, 603003

Electrochemical Fenton-based treatment of tetracaine in synthetic and urban wastewater using active and non-active anodes

The electrochemical degradation of tetracaine hydrochloride has been studied in urban wastewater. Treatments in simulated matrix with similar ionic composition as well as in 0.050 M Na2SO4 were comparatively performed. The cell contained an air-diffusion cathode for H2O2 electrogeneration and an anode selected among active Pt, IrO2-based and RuO2-based materials and non-active boron-doped diamond (BDD). Electrochemical oxidation with electrogenerated H2O2 (EO-H2O2), electro-Fenton (EF) and photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) were comparatively assessed at pH 3.0 and constant current density. The pharmaceutical and its byproducts were oxidized by ¿OH formed from water oxidation at the anode surface and in the bulk from Fenton's reaction, which occurred upon addition of 0.50 mM Fe2+ in all media, along with active chlorine originated from the anodic oxidation of Cl- contained in the simulated matrix and urban wastewater. The PEF process was the most powerful treatment regardless of the electrolyte composition, owing to the additional photolysis of intermediates by UVA radiation. The use of BDD led to greater mineralization compared to other anodes, being feasible the total removal of all organics from urban wastewater by PEF at long electrolysis time. Chlorinated products were largely recalcitrant when Pt, IrO2-based or RuO2-based anodes were used, whereas they were effectively destroyed by BDD(¿OH). Tetracaine decay always obeyed a pseudo-first-order kinetics, being slightly faster with the RuO2-based anode in Cl- media because of the higher amounts of active chlorine produced. Total nitrogen and concentrations of NH4+, NO3-, ClO3-, ClO4- and active chlorine were determined to clarify the behavior of the different electrodes in PEF. Eight intermediates were identified by GC-MS and fumaric and oxalic acids were quantified as final carboxylic acids by ion-exclusion HPLC, allowing the proposal of a plausible reaction sequence for tetracaine mineralization by PEF in Cl--containing medium